ASSOCIATION OF ACID AND ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE AMONG THE THYROID PATIENTS

Thyroidism is becoming one of the most prevalent diseases due to the malfunctioning of the thyroid gland. The objective of the present study is to observe the association of acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase with thyroid disorder. From the present work the concentration of acid phosphatase among the hypo and hyperthyroid patients is more than the controls, where as alkaline phosphatase levels are low in hypothyroid patients than the controls but in case of hyperthyroid condition more or less equal to normal in both the patients and controls Key Words: Thyroid disease, Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), Acid phosphatase (ACP), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Associatio

Understanding the bulk electronic structure of Ca1-xSrxVO3

We investigate the electronic structure of Ca1-xSrxVO3 using careful state-of-the-art experiments and calculations. Photoemission spectra using synchrotron radiation reveal a hitherto unnoticed polarization dependence of the photoemission matrix elements for the surface component leading to a substantial suppression of its intensity. Bulk spectra extracted with the help of experimentally determined electron escape depth and estimated suppression of surface contributions resolve outstanding puzzles concerning the electronic structure in Ca1-xSrxVO3.Comment: 4 pages including 3 figure

A Modified Test Pattern Generation Architecture for Fault Detection in BIST

Multiple test patterns varying in a single bit position is generated for built-in-self-test (BIST). The test patterns generated using Johnson Counter and Seed Vector lacks in fault coverage. So Seed vector block is eliminated and patterns varying in single bit position is generated using 8 bit Johnson Counter has been proposed to have the required fault coverage with reduced test length. The generated test patterns have an advantage of minimum transition sequence. The methodology for producing the test vectors for BIST is coded using VHDL and simulations were performed with ModelSim 10.0b. The Area utilization and the power report were manipulated with the help of Xilinx ISE 9.1 software. The area reduction of 58% and power reduction of 9% is achieved while generating test patterns using Johnson counter

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for the Treatment of Central Nervous System (CNS) Metastatic Disease

While the CNS has long been viewed as an immune-privileged environment, a paradigm shift in neuro-immunology has elevated the role of systemic immunotherapy for the treatment of metastatic disease. Increasing knowledge regarding the presence of a CNS lymphatic system and the physical and biochemical alteration of the blood brain barrier (BBB) by the tumor microenvironment suggests immune cell trafficking in and out of the CNS is possible. Emerging clinical data suggest immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can stimulate T cells peripherally to in turn have anti-tumor effects in the CNS. For example, anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) monotherapy with pembrolizumab has shown intracranial response rates of 20–30% in patients with melanoma or non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) brain metastases. The combination of nivolumab and ipilimumab [anti-PD-1 and anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4)] showed an intracranial response rate of 55% in patients with melanoma brain metastases. More data are needed to confirm these response rates and to determine mechanisms of efficacy and resistance. While local therapies such as stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT), and surgery remain current mainstays, ICIS offer potential decreased neurotoxicity. This review summarizes the biological rationale for systemic immunotherapy to treat CNS metastatic disease, existing clinical data on ICIs in this setting and ongoing clinical trials exploring areas of unmet need

STUDY ON THE ANTIMICROBIAL EFFICACY OF HAND SANITIZERS DEVELOPED BY THE PHARMACEUTICAL CORPORATION (I.M) KERALA LTD (OUSHADHI)

Hand sanitizers are used to ensure hygiene in the absence of hand washing facilities or where frequent sanitizing is required especially in the wake of the Covid-19 pandemic. Handsanitizers using different combinations were prepared at Oushadhi using WHO recommendations and also to promote Kerala Government’s initiative of break the chain campaign. The campaign was launched on 15th March 2020 and it aims to cut down the progress of disease transmission. The efficacy of the batches of sanitizers prepared was tested against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. They were also tested against common air and water contaminants found in the premises which would be of more significance to the general workforce. The susceptibility test was performed by agar well diffusion method and it revealed that the antimicrobial efficacy of the prepared hand sanitizer Batch III with Cymbopogon citratus oil was the most effective among the three combinations. A hedonic sensory evaluation was carried out for better consumer acceptability

PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF LEONOTIS NEPETIFOLIA (L) R.BR - A SHORT REVIEW

Leonotis nepetifolia (L) R.Br commonly known as Lion’s ear, has number of therapeutic properties and is also known as Christmas candlestic. The genus Leonotis has 12 species widely distributed in Pan Tropics and is represented by one species, Leonotis nepetifolia in India. It belongs to family Lamiaceae. Leonotis nepetifolia is an economically important medicinal plant of repute in Indian traditional systems of medicine such as Ayurveda, Unani and Siddha. The Ayurvedic name of the plant is Granthiparni, while the trade name is Barchi Buti. It has many therapeutic properties and proved in Madagascar, Brazil, Canada, Kenya and many African Countries to treat diseases, rheumatism, dysmenorrhoea, bronchial asthma, fever, diarrhoea influenza and malaria and is also an analgesic. The decoction of the leaves is used to treat coughs, burns and skin ailments. The whole plant is used for menstrual pain and unspecified female complaints. This plant exhibited various pharmacological activities such as antioxidant activity, antidiabetic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, wound healing, hepatoprotective activity and antimicrobial activities. Phytochemical examination of this plant indicated the presence of alkaloids (leonurine and stachydrene), iridoid glycoside (leonuride), iridoid glycosides (leonurin and leonuridine), diterpenoids (leocardin), flavonoids (rutin, quercetin, hyperoside, apigenin), volatile oil, tannins and vitamin A. Leonotis nepetifolia is highly therapeutic and is used in various Ayurvedic formulations. This article briefly reviews the pharmacological and various therapeutic aspect of Leonotis nepetifolia